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Spring Boot 集成 JPA 实现多数据源配置

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在实际开发中，我们会遇到一个应用需要访问多个数据源的情况。因此，我们需要配置多个数据源。这里我们来看看使用 Jpa 实现多数据源配置。

添加 JPA 依赖

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<dependency>
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    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
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</dependency>

配置数据源信息

  • application.properties
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# 数据源一
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spring.datasource.primary.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/product?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
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spring.datasource.primary.diver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
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spring.datasource.primary.username=root
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spring.datasource.primary.password=root
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# 数据源二
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spring.datasource.secondary.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/game?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
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spring.datasource.secondary.diver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
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spring.datasource.secondary.username=root
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spring.datasource.secondary.password=root
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# JPA 配置
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spring.jpa.database=mysql
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spring.jpa.generate-ddl=true
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spring.jpa.show-sql=true
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spring.jpa.open-in-view=false
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spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
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spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy
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spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.implicit-strategy=org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringImplicitNamingStrategy
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spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect

配置多数据源

集成 JPA 配置数据源步骤如下：

  • 创建数据源 DataSource
  • 创建实体管理器工厂对象 LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean
  • 创建实体管理器对象 EntityManager
  • 创建事务管理器对象 PlatformTransactionManager

数据源一

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@Configuration
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@EnableTransactionManagement
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@EnableJpaRepositories(
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        entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary",
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        transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerPrimary",
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        basePackages = {"com.example.jpa.repository.primary"})
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public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig {
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    @Autowired
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    private JpaProperties jpaProperties;
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    @Autowired
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    private HibernateProperties hibernateProperties;
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    @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
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    @Primary
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    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")
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    public DataSource dataSource() {
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        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
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    }
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    private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {
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        return hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.getProperties(), new HibernateSettings());
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    }
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    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary")
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    @Primary
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    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryPrimary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
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        return builder.dataSource(dataSource())
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                .properties(getVendorProperties())
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                // 设置映射的实体类位置
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                .packages("com.example.jpa.entity.primary")
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                .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit")
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                .build();
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    }
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    @Bean(name = "entityManagerPrimary")
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    @Primary
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    public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder){
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        return entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
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    }
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    @Bean(name = "transactionManagerPrimary")
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    @Primary
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    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
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        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).getObject());
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    }
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}

数据源二

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@Configuration
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@EnableTransactionManagement
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@EnableJpaRepositories(
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        entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactorySecondary",
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        transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerSecondary",
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        basePackages = {"com.example.jpa.repository.secondary"})
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public class SecondaryDataSourceConfig {
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    @Autowired
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    private JpaProperties jpaProperties;
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    @Autowired
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    private HibernateProperties hibernateProperties;
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    @Bean(name = "secondaryDatasource")
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    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary")
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    public DataSource dataSource() {
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        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
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    }
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    private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {
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        return hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.getProperties(), new HibernateSettings());
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    }
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    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactorySecondary")
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    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactorySecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
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        return builder.dataSource(dataSource())
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                .properties(getVendorProperties())
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                // 设置映射的实体类位置
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                .packages("com.example.jpa.entity.secondary")
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                .persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit")
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                .build();
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    }
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    @Bean(name = "entityManagerSecondary")
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    public EntityManager entityManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
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        return entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
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    }
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    @Bean(name = "transactionManagerSecondary")
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    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerSecondary(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
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        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).getObject());
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    }
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}

以上完成之后，多数据源配置就已经完成了，接下来就可以操作数据啦！

最后， 详细代码可以查看本示例的 Demo。

源码地址

springboot-multidatasource-jpa